[중3 동아윤 5과 문법] 현재분사 & as-as 구문 완벽 정리ㅣ중3 동아윤 5과문법

Summary

The lesson reviews two grammar topics: present participles and as … as comparisons. The teacher emphasizes interpreting each sentence and identifying what a form modifies, rather than relying only on its appearance or position.

1. Present participles

A participle is a verb form that can modify a noun, much like an adjective. The teacher connects this idea to relative clauses that contain a relative pronoun and be.

The main forms discussed are:

• Present participle: verb + -ing — generally expresses an active or ongoing meaning, as in “the stars shining.”
• Past participle — generally expresses a passive or completed meaning, as in “something done.”

When choosing between an -ing form and a past participle, ask whether the noun being described is doing the action or receiving the action. First identify the verb’s basic meaning, then determine which noun it describes. Don’t assume that the nearest word is the one being modified.

A present participle and a gerund look alike because both use the -ing form, but they have different grammatical jobs:

• A present participle functions adjectivally: it modifies a noun or appears in a descriptive role.
• A gerund functions as a noun: it can be used as a subject or object.

The teacher contrasts a job described as “teaching English” with the ongoing action in “I am teaching English.” The key is to interpret the sentence and identify the form’s function, rather than classify it by -ing alone.

To analyze a participle question, check that the meaning, sentence structure, and modified noun fit together. Vocabulary and accurate interpretation matter.

2. The as … as comparison

The basic pattern compares two things at an equal degree:

as + adjective/adverb in its base form + as

The word between the two instances of as must be in its base form, not its comparative or superlative form.

To choose an adjective or adverb, identify what the word describes:

• An adjective describes a noun or can appear in a complement position.
• An adverb can describe a verb, adjective, or another adverb.

One useful interpretation strategy is to read the comparison from the second as back toward the first, understanding it as “as much/as … as.” Examples include describing two things as equally important and comparing how well someone speaks English. The correct adjective or adverb depends on what is being modified.

A comparative sentence can often be rewritten using a negative not as … as construction:

• “A is taller than B” → “B is not as tall as A.”
• “Sujin is more diligent than Tom” → “Tom is not as diligent as Sujin.”

A clause may follow the second as, as in as tall as I am. Some constructions allow words to be omitted, but students should follow their school’s preferred convention. Multipliers such as twice can also be used, as in twice as … as. Watch for negative wording and multipliers in exercises.

Speakers and sources

• Speaker: Teacher Ina, the instructor throughout the lesson.
• Sources referenced: Examples from the students’ textbook; no other speaker is clearly featured.