Stem Problems? It’s Probably Your Routing (Pro Tools Walkthrough)

Overview

The video explains how to prevent incorrect stem recordings in Pro Tools by keeping routing clear and testing the complete signal path.

Session organization

The mixer groups effects into A–F effects, including production and background effects; backgrounds into A–E; Walla into A and B; and Foley. VCAs are used to control groups during mixing.

Stem routing and processing

Each group routes to its corresponding shared 5.1 stem bus. For example, all effects groups feed one effects bus. Backgrounds and Walla follow the same approach, making the signal path easier to inspect and troubleshoot.

The effects and backgrounds buses use light EQ, a limiter (typically set around −2 dB, but adjusted to meet delivery requirements), and metering. Walla has no limiter because the mixer says it is unnecessary for that material.

Tracks can also send to internal and external reverbs, boom/LFE, and delay. Effects reverbs are organized by group, while backgrounds share reverb sends.

Outputs and recording

Effects, backgrounds, Foley, and Walla are routed to separate 5.1 outputs that feed a separate Pro Tools stem-recording rig. Dialogue and music are handled separately in the demonstrated workflow.

For a home setup, the same signal flow can be built with internal buses, individual stem-record tracks, and a print master for the combined mix. The session can also include fold-downs and LtRt outputs as needed.

Routing check

The mixer recommends sending pink noise through every channel and verifying that it reaches the intended bus and recorder. This catches routing problems before recording.

Guides and resources covered

1. Pro Tools routing walkthrough: Organizing groups, routing them to stem buses, and sending outputs to a recorder.
2. Home or single-system setup: Creating internal stem-record tracks and a print master.
3. Signal-path test: Using pink noise to verify every channel, bus, and recorder input.
4. Free Pro Tools template: The speaker mentions a downloadable template, noting that it may need updating.

Main speaker

Joel Dougherty Catalan — sound mixer and host of Mastering Post-Production Sound.