SSC CGL 2026 | GK EXPECTED PAPER -9

Main ideas and lessons conveyed

1) “Expected Paper” format and class workflow

• The instructor leads an “Expected Paper 9” revision/quiz session for SSC CGL 2026 GK.
• Key emphasis:
  • Admin manages the questions/raw data.
  • The class focuses on quick recall and exam-oriented facts.
• Questions are taught using either:
  • direct MCQ reasoning (e.g., “Option X is correct”), or
  • step-by-step concept explanation.

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2) History & Culture: GK facts with exam-oriented framing

Durga (Durga Bhabhi), HSRA, and “Fire of India”

• The instructor connects Durga Bhabhi (Durga Devi) to HSRA and revolutionaries.
• Linked facts stated:
  • “Fire of India” is explained as a result of her revolutionary assistance, including help connected to Bhagat Singh’s escape.
  • HSRA context: Durga Devi is associated with HSRA members/founders (names repeatedly mentioned include Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, etc.).
  • Mentions Firoz Shah Kotla and the founder Bhagwati Charan Ohara (Durga Bhabhi is taught as his wife).
• Also mentioned:
  • Bhagwati Charan Ohara wrote Philosophy of the Bomb.

Teej variants (Parvati–Shiva devotion)

• Taught as an MCQ concept:
  • Major forms include Hariyali Teej, Kajari Teej, Hartalika Teej.
  • Chhath Teej is stated as not a major form (marked as option D in that question).

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3) Polity/Education policy (British India): Wood’s Despatch (1854)

• Compared:
  • Macaulay Minute (1835) vs Wood’s Despatch (1854).
• Main points:
  • Macaulay promoted English education broadly.
  • Wood’s Despatch is said to reject the “downward filtration” theory.
  • Downward filtration theory (as described):
    • educate a rich class in English, and education will “filter” down to others.
• Wood’s Despatch’s recommended approach (as taught):
  • education at every level, with vernacular/local language at the primary level
• Exam tag:
  • Wood’s Despatch is described as the “Magna Carta of Indian Education.”
• Medium of instruction:
  • English at secondary and collegiate levels; vernacular at primary.

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4) Constitution: Basic Structure Doctrine and landmark cases

Sequence taught

• Golaknath case (1967)
  • Parliament cannot amend fundamental rights (as stated).
• 24th Amendment (1971)
  • assumed power to amend.
• 25th Amendment (1971)
  • added Article 31C logic with priority for certain laws.
• Kesavananda Bharati case (1973, 13 judges)
  • introduced the Basic Structure Doctrine
  • Parliament cannot amend the basic structure/core features.
• Then:
  • 42nd Amendment extended constitutional law and introduced changes (as discussed).
  • Later emphasis on how judicial review and amendments interact.

“Nine scheduled” and review limitation idea

• The instructor discusses that, after certain amendments/constitutional mechanisms, laws included in certain schedules may limit judicial review—while post-1973/Kesavananda, boundaries exist:
  • amendment power under Article 368 is limited when it seeks to alter the basic structure.

Standard exam outputs

• In the MCQ, the correct option was marked (option A in that basic-structure question).
• The instructor repeatedly links the doctrine to:
  • Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973).

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5) Constitutional Amendments (101st–106th) and commissions/reservations

Multiple amendments were listed with their key outcomes:

• Article 2 / Article 3
  • simple majority vs constitutional amendment context (as taught).
• 101st Amendment
  • National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) given constitutional status.
• 104th Amendment
  • introduced EWS 10% reservation.
• 105th Amendment
  • changes to Anglo-Indian nomination
  • LOK Sabha nomination and Legislative Assembly nomination removed (as taught).
• 106th Amendment
  • Nari Shakti Vandan Act
    • 1/3 reservation for women
    • duration: 15 years
    • implementation through Lok Sabha and state legislatures (as taught)
• Reminder:
  • NCBC is located in Article 338B
  • distinction from Article 338 for SC/ST commissions.

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6) Art & Culture: Gandhara, Mathura, and Amravati Schools

Gandhara School (Greek-influenced)

• Location stated:
  • Gandhara region connected to Central/West Asia.
• Features taught:
  • stone sculptures
  • naturalistic human body
  • wavy/curly hair
  • simpler halo compared to Mathura (more decorated there)
  • spiritual expression noted with facial calmness and a masculine form

Influences and contrasts

• Gandhara:
  • Greek + Roman influence along with indigenous elements.
• Mathura:
  • more decorated halo; different style.
• Amravati:
  • “iconic form” more emphasized:
    • Buddha shown via symbols (empty throne / Bodhi tree / footprints) rather than human figure

Key terminology taught

• Iconic form vs Anthropogenic (human) form
• Amravati emphasized iconic depiction; Gandhara/Mathura described as moving through transition ideas (as outlined).

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7) Sports rules: American football, Kabaddi

American football

• Game structure:
  • 60 minutes, 4 quarters of 15 minutes
• Field:
  • 100-yard field + 10-yard end zones each side ⇒ 120 yards total
• Touchdown:
  • a scoring event when a team carries/gets the ball into the end zone ⇒ 6 points

Kabaddi

• Duration:
  • 40 minutes, split into two halves (20–20 with pauses, as described)
• Players:
  • 12 players on-field + 5 substitutes
• Terminology:
  • “Raid” / “Super Raid”
  • “Lona” / defender concepts
• Court measurements:
  • bonus line/back line-midline distances and “lobby area” width (as described)

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8) Space/Science: ISRO RLV landing experiments; PSLV / Spadex

RLV (Reusable Launch Vehicle) landing experiment

• Multiple statements were compared; instructor emphasized correct matching.
• Key taught concept:
  • RLV experiment #3 involved autonomous approach and landing capabilities (Chitradurga, Karnataka mentioned).
• An incorrect statement was rejected:
  • landing was not remotely controlled (as corrected by the instructor).

PSLV / Spadex docking mission

• Instructor explained:
  • PSLV has four stages (solid/liquid/solid/liquid described)
  • cryogenic stage is associated with GSLV (as contrasted)
• Spadex:
  • chaser/target satellites and docking were mentioned.
• Mission references:
  • PSLV mission numbers and failures referenced (e.g., C61/C62 stated as failed; earlier success attributed to C60).

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9) 20-Point Programme and Five-Year Plans

20-Point Programme

• Linked to poverty eradication:
  • introduced during the Fifth Five Year Plan
• Instructor corrected a misconception about launch year (not 1985, as stated in the explanation).

Five-Year Plan revisions (1st to 12th) with “focus keywords”

The instructor used a structured keyword recall method:

• 1st (1951–56): rapid industrialization of basic/heavy industries
  • model: Mahalanobis model
  • examples: steel plants (Rourkela, Durgapur, Bhilai)
• 3rd plan: failure/targets and wars/famine; model: Gadgil model
• 4th plan (1969–74): “Growth with Stability”
• 5th plan: “Modernization of technology” + poverty elevation
• 6th plan: modernization + productivity/employment (poverty elimination theme)
• 7th plan: food/work/employment/productivity (poverty reduced)
• 8th plan: “New economic policy” / 1991-era shifts (annual plans before)
• 9th plan (1992–97): “Growth with Social Justice”
• 11th: sustainable growth
• 12th: sustainable and inclusive growth (adds inclusive)

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10) Literature and awards: Commonwealth / Booker

• Exam-recall style mentions of authors and works:
  • Vikram Chandra (Commonwealth Writers Prize context; multiple novels listed)
  • Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (Heat and Dust)
  • Anita Desai (Fasting, Feasting)
  • Kiran Desai / Booker mention for The Inheritance of Loss
  • Arundhati Roy (The God of Small Things) and Booker context
  • Salman Rushdie, VS Naipaul (including reminders/comparisons such as Midnight’s Children)
  • Arvind Adiga (The White Tiger) and debut status
  • VS Naipaul nationality correction reminders

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11) International relations: QUAD and cricket world cup 2023

QUAD leaders summit

• Summit held in 2021
• Countries:
  • India, Australia, Japan, USA
• QUAD formation mentioned:
  • instructor states it was made in 2007
• “Quad of the Middle East” concept:
  • Israel + India + UAE + USA mapping described (in an “I2 U2” style grouping)

ICC Cricket World Cup 2023 (India)

• Held in India; India sole host.
• Instructor recalls past host examples:
  • 1987 under Kapil Dev, 2011 under MS Dhoni, etc.
• Final result:
  • Australia beat India by 6 wickets
• Top performers mentioned:
  • Virat Kohli as “most runs”
  • Mohammed Shami as wickets (confirmed later in tone)

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12) Environment/Health GK: HDI 2025, AQI, Delhi NCR GRAP

HDI 2025

• Released by UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
• HDI dimensions:
  • Standard of Living
  • Health (life expectancy)
  • Education (schooling years)
• India’s HDI score/rank discussed as a recall-type question (rank given as an option).

AQI and NCAP / GRAP

• National Air Quality Index:
  • tracks 8 pollutants
  • clarifications discussed for PM2.5 / PM10
• AQI categories:
  • Good, Satisfactory, Moderate, Poor, Very Poor, Severe (six categories)
• Severe band:
  • AQI 401–500 stated for “Severe”
• GRAP:
  • response action plans recalled for Delhi NCR
  • color coding referenced:
    • 0–50 good, increasing bands up to 500 for higher severity
  • some explicit ranges named:
    • orange for “unhealthy for sensitive group”
    • purple/red/maroon described for higher hazards

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13) Economics & Polity: 1991 reforms and Taj Mahal / Indian satellites

1991 economic reforms impact on Indian agriculture

• Reforms:
  • LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization)
• “Before 1991”:
  • inward-looking, import substitution, protectionism
  • agriculture insulated from international competition
• “After 1991”:
  • trade liberalization exposes farmers to global competition
  • import duties increased / quantitative restrictions removed or reduced (as described)
  • privatization via disinvestment
  • nationalization/MRTP Act timing mentioned
  • globalization via FDI/FPI distinction
• Instructor marked the correct option in the MCQ on impact.

Taj Mahal dates and materials

• Taj Mahal built by Shah Jahan
• UNESCO listing year: 1983
• Construction timeline:
  • main complex readiness around 1648
  • completion around 1652
• Materials emphasis:
  • sandstone and white marble (marble used for decorative inlay)

Indian satellites (INSAT/ISRO series and Earth observation)

• INSAT:
  • monitoring/management of natural resources + meteorology/cyclone + telecom
• “RESET” series:
  • taught as Earth observation and related disaster management/monitoring applications
• PSLV links:
  • mission references to C60/C61/C62 and outcomes
  • “one missing satellite” storyline for C62

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14) Science GK: Earth layers, plate tectonics, atmosphere, basic biology

Earth interior and plate tectonics

• Layers:
  • crust, mantle, core
• Lithosphere/asthenosphere:
  • lithosphere up to ~200 km
  • asthenosphere described as weak/semi-molten (Durbal Mandal in Hindi)
• Plate boundaries:
  • convergent (destructive subduction)
  • divergent (constructive, ridges)
  • transform (conservative sliding)
• Deepest earthquakes:
  • stated to occur in convergent boundaries.

Atmosphere layers

• Troposphere
  • lapse rate taught (temperature decreases with height)
  • thickness differs: thicker near equator, thinner at poles
• Stratosphere
  • ozone influence referenced
• Mesosphere, Thermosphere (ionosphere), Exosphere
• Karman line
  • ~100 km as boundary to “outer space”

Cell biology / genetics

• Programmed cell death:
  • Apoptosis
• Cancer:
  • uncontrolled division in somatic cells; meiosis for sex cells
• CRISPR
  • gene-editing tool (guide RNA + Cas protein concept)
• BT cotton
  • BT = Bacillus thuringiensis; pest-resistant
• Golden Rice
  • beta-carotene added for vitamin A deficiency
• Base pairing:
  • Chargaff’s rule: A = T, C = G

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15) Law/Constitution (Articles, emergencies, tribunals) and environment/time geography

Emergency provisions

• National emergency grounds taught:
  • war, external aggression, armed rebellion
• 44th Amendment changes:
  • replaces “internal disturbance” with armed rebellion
  • requires cabinet/parliament approval timelines (as described)
• Fundamental rights suspension:
  • Article 358 and 359 used for suspension mechanisms
  • Articles 20 and 21 not suspended (as taught)
• Types:
  • national emergency, president’s rule, financial emergency (brief links to articles like 360)

Geography basics

• India’s IST:
  • based on 82.5°E
• Time difference concept:
  • 1 hour per 15° longitude; Japan as “land of rising sun”
• Equator + Prime Meridian:
  • prime meridian 0°; IDL zigzag mainly in Pacific/Atlantic references
• Magnetic field units SI:
  • Tesla, Weber, Gauss; conversion 1 Tesla = 10,000 Gauss

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16) Miscellaneous GK: Indian classical music and current affairs

Gharanas / music links

• Alauddin Khan → Ali Akbar Khan; Ravi Shankar links mentioned
• Amir/garana examples:
  • Karana Gharana
  • instruments (sitar/sarod/surbahar)
  • awards (Grammy context referenced)

Current affairs (appointments)

• Instructor lists names for:
  • Defence Staff / Army / Coast Guard (as stated).

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Methodology / instruction-style components (detailed bullet format)

Exam revision strategy demonstrated

• “Mark and remember” approach:
  • identify the most appropriate MCQ option
  • explain only enough to eliminate other options
• For complex topics (Five-Year Plans):
  • uses a keyword-based recall table, e.g.:
    • 1st → heavy industries
    • 4th → growth with stability
    • 5th → modernization + poverty elevation
    • 9th → growth with social justice
    • 11th/12th → sustainable / sustainable & inclusive
• For “Basic Structure Doctrine”:
  • uses a case-sequence timeline, e.g.:
    • Golaknath → 24th/25th amendments → Kesavananda Bharati → 42nd → later limits (e.g., Minerva Mills)
• For constitution amendment questions (101st–106th):
  • pairs amendment number → key outcome (EWS, women reservation, commissions, Anglo-Indian abolition)

“Quick recall rules” included

• AQI:
  • 6 categories in increasing severity; Severe = 401–500
• CRISPR:
  • guide RNA targets + Cas protein cutting mechanism
• Chargaff’s rule:
  • if A% is known ⇒ T% = A%
  • and C% = G%

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Speakers / sources featured

• Speaker: Unnamed instructor (main lecturer teaching GK for SSC CGL 2026 Expected Paper 9).
• Organizers/Support source (mentioned): Admin (for question creation/raw data); not a named person.
• Institutions referenced as factual sources (not interviewed):
  • UNDP (HDI)
  • ISRO (space missions/SLV/RLV/PSLV/Spadex context)
  • Supreme Court / constitutional bodies and cases (e.g., Golaknath, Kesavananda Bharati, Minerva Mills, IR. Coelho)
  • UN/IMF/Government bodies referenced in economics/policy portions