ANATOMIA | Piel y anexos (folículo piloso, uñas y glándulas) | BLASTO

Main ideas and concepts

Skin overview

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. Its key functions include:

• Protection
• Thermoregulation
• Sensitivity (sensation)
• Acting as an immunological barrier
• Synthesis and storage of vitamins (highlighted as clinically important in later medical study)

Three layers of the skin

1. Epidermis

   • Composed of epithelium
   • Most superficial layer
   • Main role: protection
   • Lacks blood vessels

2. Dermis

   • Dense collagen layer containing elastic fibers
   • Elastic fibers help give the skin its tone and strength
   • Contains blood vessels and nerves

3. Hypodermis (deepest layer)

   • Contains skin appendages
   • Major role in storing adipose (fat) tissue

Skin appendages

1. Hair follicle

   • Main function: produces hair
   • Hair roles:
     • Immunological protection
   • Components:
     • Blood capillaries
     • Cortex
     • Matrix
     • Cuticle
     • Outer sheath
     • Sebaceous gland
     • Medulla
     • Connective tissue sheath
     • Central muscle

2. Sweat gland

   • Structure: coiled tubular located in the dermis
   • Parts:
     • Coil
     • Duct
     • Secretory pore
   • Two types:
     • Eccrine glands: produce sweat “as such”
     • Apocrine glands: modified glands; secrete contents together with the hair follicle
   • Note: the mammary gland is described as a modified apocrine gland

3. Nails

   • Considered a modification of the epidermis
   • Function: helps hold and grasp objects
   • Parts:
     • Matrix
     • Free edge
     • Body
     • Lunula

Methodology / instructions

No procedural methodology or step-by-step instructions are presented—this segment is explanatory/educational.

Speakers or sources featured

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