Brasileiros podem se APOSENTAR nos EUA? Passo a passo

Finance/Retirement Summary (Brazil–U.S. Social Security Agreement)

This video explains how Brazilians living in (or moving to) the United States may be able to combine contribution time under a Brazil–U.S. Social Security agreement to potentially receive two pensions—one from Brazil and one from the U.S.

The content is framed as retirement-income planning, focusing on eligibility rules, documentation, and avoiding common contribution-coding errors.

Key macro/market content

• None. The discussion is regulatory/retirement-planning focused (social security eligibility), not investment markets.

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Instruments / Tickers

• None (no stocks, ETFs, bonds, commodities, or crypto mentioned).

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Key Timelines / Dates

• Agreement signed: end of 2018 (described as “quite recent”)
• Brazil pension reform: end of 2019
  • described as abolishing retirement based on “years of contribution”
• Rita’s U.S. move: end of 2022 (context about her practice location)
• Retroactive/late corrections: possible in some cases, but subject to rules and deadlines (exact deadline dates not provided)
• U.S. eligibility windows referenced by age: 62, 67, 70

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Eligibility Rules & Key Numbers

Brazil (post–2019 reform)

• There are 5 transition retirement rules:
  • Points rule
  • Minimum age rule
  • Progressive table rule
  • 50% surcharge
  • 100% surcharge
• Minimum ages:
  • Women: 62
  • Men: 65
• Minimum contribution period: 180 months (15 years)
• Planning requires calculating which rule is most advantageous by value—not everyone qualifies for all rules.

United States (Social Security retirement)

• Retirement is age-based, with categories:
  • Full retirement age: 67 (100% pension; no salary reduction)
  • Late retirement: 70 (up to 30% more value; “rarely” reached)
  • Early retirement: 62 (but 25% reduction)
• Contribution requirement (U.S.): minimum 10 years of contributions

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Core Methodology/Framework (Step-by-Step Logic)

The video presents a planning process for qualifying and applying under the international agreement.

1. Check eligibility in both countries
   • Confirm minimum age and contribution-time thresholds in Brazil and U.S.
2. Use the international agreement to fill missing contribution time
   • Missing time in one system can be used alongside time in the other to satisfy requirements.
3. Calculate whether using the agreement is beneficial
   • The agreement is not always advantageous; results depend on contribution records and rule fit.
4. Apply administratively (not via court)
   • Submit required forms remotely/online to the correct liaison body.
5. Gather specific documents from Brazil
   • ID
   • CPF
   • Proof of address
   • Proof of marital status (marriage certificate or birth certificate)
   • KINIS (National Social Information Registry—obtained online from INSS)
   • Social Security statement (obtain via online Social Security system login/password)
6. Validate correct contribution coding in Brazil
   • Ensure abroad contributions were made using the correct INSS code for voluntary contributors (see cautions below).
7. Submit to the correct agency
   • Submitting to the wrong liaison body can lead to benefit denial.

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Hypothetical Example (Combining Time)

João:

• Age: 65
• Brazil: only 10 years of contributions (needs 15 years / 180 months)
• U.S.: 7 years of service (needs 10 years)

Options described:

1. Use U.S. time to supplement Brazil eligibility
   • complete the missing 5 years to retire in Brazil.
2. Use Brazil time to supplement U.S. eligibility
   • complete the missing 3 years to reach 10 years in the U.S.

Key emphasis: “We’re not subtracting; we’re adding”—the agreement allows concurrent use of contribution time to potentially support eligibility in both systems (as explained in the video).

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Application Process Notes (Administrative Workflow)

• No court needed
  • described as administrative, handled through an international liaison body
• Online submission
  • required forms are filled, signed, and submitted remotely
• Correct liaison body location
  • Brazil has 7 agencies for such treaties
  • For Brazil–U.S., the liaison body is BH (Belo Horizonte)
  • Submitting to the wrong liaison body can result in denial

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Disclosures / Cautions Mentioned

• Not financial advice
  • no explicit disclaimer is stated as “financial advice,” and the content is about legal/administrative retirement matters rather than investing.
• Important cautions/disclaimers included:
  • The agreement is case-by-case; it might be advantageous or harmful, depending on calculations.
  • Social security rules change frequently (Rita mentions constant changes in Brazil and U.S.).
  • Correct submission destination is critical (wrong agency → denial).
  • U.S. eligibility requires legal status:
    • need green card or citizenship (as stated in the video)
    • time accrued while undocumented:
      • Rita says Social Security can validate/register time, but you must regularize status/documentation to apply

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Key Cautions About Brazilian Contribution Coding (Practical Risk)

Presented as a major “mistake” area:

• Brazilians contributing while abroad must use code 1406
• Wrong/incorrect example: contributing individually under code 007 (described as common)
• If the wrong code is used:
  • INSS may disregard/discard erroneous payments,
  • potentially creating inconsistencies and preventing retroactive correction later.

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Performance Metrics / Returns

• No investment performance metrics (returns, volatility, Sharpe, etc.) are discussed.
• The closest “quantitative outcomes” are benefit value changes based on U.S. claiming age:
  • 25% reduction at 62
  • 100% at 67
  • up to 30% more at 70

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Target Audience / Timing

• Rita states the typical interest age range is roughly 45 to 47
• Recommended action: “The sooner the better”
  • Review Brazilian documentation early
  • Identify gaps/omissions and whether retroactive payments are possible
  • Correct errors before deadlines, since later may become harder or impossible

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Recommendations Explicitly Stated

• Start planning early (before/while preparing to move)
• Maintain contributions to preserve acquired rights and maximize future benefit eligibility
• Use the correct agency (BH/Belo Horizonte) for Brazil–U.S. submissions
• Use the correct INSS contribution code (1406) for abroad/voluntary contributors
• Consult a specialist (implied to reduce errors and submission problems); the video suggests legal consulting can save significant work

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Presenters / Sources

• Vandrei Pereira (journalist; presenter)
• Rita Rif (lawyer specializing in international social security; co-presenter)