Summary of "Condições Crônicas (Hipertensão e Diabetes): Prevenção, Tratamento e Cuidados"

Key Wellness Strategies and Self-Care Techniques

Understanding Hypertension:
- Chronic disease that is often asymptomatic, referred to as the "silent killer."
- Risk factors include obesity, high sodium intake, sedentary lifestyle, and excessive alcohol consumption.
Prevention and Control:
- Modify Risk Factors:
  - Maintain a healthy weight.
  - Reduce sodium intake and increase potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, avocados, leafy greens).
  - Engage in regular Physical Activity.
  - Avoid self-medication and use of certain medications without professional guidance.
Regular Monitoring:
- Check blood pressure at least once a year.
- Ensure blood pressure is measured by a health professional, ideally at a basic health unit.
Lifestyle Changes:
- Promote healthy eating habits and reduce salt intake.
- Avoid keeping salt shakers on the table to discourage excessive salt use.
- Engage in Physical Activity to improve cardiovascular health.

Understanding Diabetes:
- Chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insulin issues.
- Symptoms may include excessive thirst, hunger, frequent urination, and weight loss.
Prevention and Management:
- Healthy Diet:
  - Focus on a balanced diet with 50-60% carbohydrates, primarily from fiber-rich sources (fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
  - Avoid refined sugars and unhealthy fats.
- Physical Activity:
  - Regular exercise is crucial for weight management and improving insulin sensitivity.
  - Physical Activity should be incorporated into daily routines, aiming for at least 30 minutes.
Monitoring and Treatment:
- Regularly monitor blood glucose levels and seek medical advice for proper treatment.
- Adherence to prescribed medications is essential for managing Diabetes.

Early Diagnosis: Early detection of both Hypertension and Diabetes is critical to prevent complications.
Community Support: Engage with community health units for support groups and preventive care.
Education and Awareness: Stay informed about both conditions and their management to improve quality of life.