Summary of "SOC Analyst (Cybersecurity) Interview Questions and Answers!"

Main Ideas and Concepts:

Technical Knowledge:
- CIA Triad:
  - Confidentiality: Protecting data from unauthorized access.
  - Integrity: Ensuring data is trustworthy and unaltered.
  - Availability: Ensuring information is accessible to authorized users.
- DNS (Domain Name System):
  - Understand its function and the process when entering a URL, including the cache checks and querying DNS servers.
  - Remember that DNS operates on Port 53.
- OSI Model:
  - Layers: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical.
  - Use mnemonic: "A Pretty Funny Never Does PCP" for memorization.
- XSS (Cross-Site Scripting):
  - Main mitigation: Input sanitization and web application firewalls.
- Hashing vs. Encryption:
  - Hashing: Permanent, ensures integrity.
  - Encryption: Reversible, ensures confidentiality.
- Vulnerability, Risk, and Threat:
  - Vulnerability: A weakness.
  - Risk: Likelihood and impact of exploitation.
  - Threat: Entity that could exploit the Vulnerability.
Situational Questions:
- Steps to investigate a compromised computer without using antivirus tools:
  - Disconnect from the network.
  - Check file system for unusual files.
  - Review running processes and installed programs.
  - If no indicators of compromise are found, consider reimaging the computer.
- Responding to a virus/worm attack:
  - Conduct a full system scan.
  - Contain and remediate any findings.
Soft Skills:
- Maintain a positive attitude: Be nice, confident, and avoid arrogance.
- Prepare at least three questions to ask the interviewer about the role or organization.
- Show genuine interest in cybersecurity, not just in the job for monetary reasons.
- Thank the interviewer at the end of the session.

Instructions for Interview Preparation:

Study and understand the CIA Triad, DNS, OSI Model, XSS, Hashing vs. Encryption, and the differences between Vulnerability, risk, and threat.
Prepare for situational questions by practicing your investigative and response strategies.
Develop soft skills by being courteous, confident, and inquisitive during the interview.
Prepare questions to engage with the interviewer and show your enthusiasm for the role.