Summary of Maxillary Nerve Block: Anesthesia For Dental Procedures
Summary of "Maxillary Nerve Block: Anesthesia For Dental Procedures"
This educational video by Dr. Hinna (Dr. Teeth channel) explains the various maxillary nerve blocks used in dental anesthesia, focusing on the areas anesthetized by each block and their clinical applications, particularly for procedures involving maxillary teeth.
Main Ideas and Concepts
- Purpose of Maxillary Nerve Blocks:
To numb specific regions of the maxilla for dental procedures, enabling pain-free treatment of targeted teeth and surrounding tissues. - Importance of Understanding Anesthetic Coverage:
Knowing which nerve block anesthetizes which teeth and adjacent structures helps in selecting the appropriate block for different dental procedures.
Detailed Explanation of Nerve Blocks and Their Coverage
- Infraorbital Nerve Block (Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Maxillary anterior teeth (central incisors, lateral incisors, canines)
- Premolars
- Mesial buccal root of the first molar (in ~72% of patients)
- Buccal periodontium and bone in these areas
- Extraoral areas: lower eyelid, lateral aspect of the nose, upper lip
- Anesthetizes:
- Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (PSA Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Maxillary molars (second and third molars fully; first molar except mesial buccal root in ~28% of cases)
- Buccal periodontium and mucous membrane over these teeth
- Anesthetizes:
- Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (MSA Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Premolars
- Mesial buccal root of the first molar
- Buccal periodontium and bone over these teeth
- Used to supplement PSA block when mesial buccal root of first molar is not anesthetized by PSA block alone.
- Anesthetizes:
- Greater Palatine Nerve Block (GP Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Posterior hard palate and overlying soft tissues
- From midline anteriorly to the premolars and posteriorly to the last molar
- Anesthetizes:
- Nasopalatine Nerve Block (NP Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Anterior hard palate from the mesial aspect of one first premolar across the midline to the mesial aspect of the contralateral first premolar (bilateral coverage)
- Soft tissues of the anterior palate
- Anesthetizes:
- Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (AMSA Block)
- Anesthetizes:
- Entire palatal and buccal aspects of anterior teeth (incisors, canines, premolars)
- Buccal attached gingiva and palatal tissues from midline to free gingival margin
- Anesthetizes:
- Maxillary Nerve Block
- Anesthetizes:
- Entire maxillary quadrant (incisors to molars)
- Buccal periodontium and bone overlying these teeth
- Hard and soft palate medial to the midline
- Extraoral areas: lower eyelid, side of the nose, cheek, upper lip
- Anesthetizes:
Clinical Application Example: Extraction of Maxillary First Molar
- Use PSA block to anesthetize molars (except mesial buccal root in some cases)
- Use Greater Palatine block for palatal tissues
- Use MSA block if mesial buccal root is not anesthetized by PSA block (in ~28% of cases)
- Alternatively, Infraorbital block can be used but causes anesthesia of additional areas (lower eyelid, nose, upper lip)
Summary of Nerve Blocks and Coverage
| Nerve Block | Teeth Covered | Additional Areas Covered |
|---|---|---|
| Infraorbital (Anterior Superior Alveolar) | Incisors to premolars, mesial buccal root of 1st molar (72%) | Lower eyelid, lateral nose, upper lip |
| Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) | Molars (except mesial buccal root of 1st molar in 28%) | Buccal periodontium, mucous membrane |
| Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) | Premolars, mesial buccal root of 1st molar | Buccal periodontium, bone |
| Greater Palatine (GP) | Posterior hard palate and soft tissues (premolars to molars) | Palatal bone and soft tissue |
| Nasopalatine (NP) | Anterior hard palate bilaterally (mesial premolar to midline) | Palatal soft tissues |
Notable Quotes
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Category
Educational